Cooling and ventilating system.



No. 706,327, Patented Aug. 5, |902.

J. E. LAWRENCE.

COOLING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM.

(Application filed Sept. 6, 1901.) (No Model.) 2 Sheets-Shee't I.

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No. 706,327. Patented Aug. 5, |902.

J. E. LAWRENCE.

COOLING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM.

[Application filed Sept. 6, 1901.)

(No Model.)

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llirnn STATES ATENT OFFICE..`

JESSE E.'LA'\VRENCE; OF'CHIOAGO, ILLINOIS.

COOLING AND VENTILATING SYSTEM.

SPECIFICATION-forming partof Letters Patent No. 706,327, dated August 5,1902. Application filed September 6, 1901. Serial No. 74,531. (Nomodel.)

T0 all wtont it may concern:

Be it known that I, JEssE E. LAWRENCE, a citizen of the United States,residing at Chicago, inthe county of Cook and State of Illinois,haveminventedcertainl new and useful Improvements in( Cooling andVentilating Systems, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in the apparatus, conduits, andconnections necessary to a completely operative cooling and Ventilatingsystem, such as is particularly adapted for application to the coolingand Ventilating of houses, stores, hotels, apartment, office, and otherbuildings, and is also applicable to a greater or less degree, accordingto circumstances, in other situations, such as the cooling andVentilating of steamships,

railway-cars, and the like.

The object of the invention is to provide an improved construction insystems of this character by which an ample volume of pure air,thoroughly cleansed and cooled, will be supplied to every desired roomor compartment of the building or structure in which the system isinstalled and by which the heated and impure or foul air will be drawnout froml said rooms or compartments.

To this end the invention contemplates a series of ducts and conduitsleading from the outer air andpreferably from the roof of the building,throughva puriiier or cleanser and through'a refrigerating chamber vorcooler to points near the ceilings of the various apartments, andanother series of ducts or conduits leading out from points near thefloors of the several apartments to a convenient point of discharge,together with suitable fan or other blowers by which air will besupplied through the first and exhausted through the last series of saidducts.

The invention consists in the matters herein set forth, and particularlypointed out in the appended claims, and will be fully understood fromthe following detailed description of the construction illustrated inthe accompanying drawings, in Which- Figure lis a sectional elevation ofa building having a cooling and Ventilating system embodying myimprovements installed therein. Fig. 2 is an enlarged sectional detailof the air-purifier. Fig. 3 is a similar view of the air-cooler. l

In said drawings, A designates side Walls, B the interior partitions, Ctheioors, and D the ceilings, of a building. This building may be oflany size and of any number of stories in height and may be divided intoany desired number of rooms or compartments,

but for simplicity of illustration is herein shown as a two-storystructure divided into four rooms.- Near the ceiling D of each room isprovided a ventilator or register E, communicating bya duct orconduit-pipe F with an apparatus for supplying cool fresh air to theventilators. As herein shown and as ordinarily will be the case, suchapparatus is located in the basement of the building and comprises acooler G, a fan or blower H, and a purifier I, all of which areconnected in series with the pipe F and with an inlet duct or pipe J,leading from the outer air and preferably from a point above the roof ofthe building, the operation being that by the action 4of the fan Htheair will be drawn in at the top of the duct J, Vbeneath any suitable capor cover j for excluding the weather, and will be passed thence throughthe purifier I and cooler G into the pipe or duct F and up to and out ofthe ventilators E. Near the bottom of each apartment will also beprovided a register or ventilator K, communieating with ducts orconduit-pipes VL, leading to an exhaust-fan M, which is also hereinshown as located in the basement of the building in connection with therest of the apparatus referred to, and by the action of which the Warmand foul air from the several compartments will be drawn off through theregister K and conduits L and forced out through any suitabledischarge-pipe N.

In the general or broad aspectof my invention the particularconstruction of the several pieces of apparatus referred to is not ofimportance, it being only necessary that each of these features shall besuch as to' properly perform its required functionin connection with therest of the apparatus to produce the desired circulation thus abovedescribed and to insure the proper cooling and purifying of theair-supply. Thus the blowers H and M may be of any desired type orvariety suit- IOO able for the purpose and are herein illustrated as ofthe style of the well-known Sturtevant fan-blowers, as to theconstruction' of which no claim of invention is here made. Theparticular cooler and purifier herein illustrated, however, are of myown design and embodyvarious features of advantage which make themparticularly applicable for use in this connection, although, as y abovestated, other forms of such devices may be employed to achieve the samegeneral result in a greater or less degree. Such improved cooler G(better shown in Fig. 3) consists of an elongated closed chamber havingair-pipe connections g and g at its opposite ends and providedinteriorly with a coil of pipe G', through and around which air enteringthrough the inlet g must circulate before it passes out through theoutlet g. This coil G is designed to be connected withv thecooling-pipes of any suitable refrigerating-machine, (not hereinillustrated,) and will thus be supplied with a continuous circulation ofa freezing mixture, such as cold brine or ammonia, by which thetemperature of the coil may be maintained low enough to properly coolthe air fiowing through the chamber, the diameter of the latter and ofits inclosed coil being herein shown as gradually increasing toward theoutlet end `ot' the chamber for the purpose of subjecting the air as itprogresses from the inlet to the outlet of the chamber to a gradually-increasing refrigerating effect.

vMy improved purifier (better shown in Fig. 2) consists of a water-tightouter casing or tank having near its opposite ends inlet and outletconnections and 1I. In the upper portion of this tank is provided aspraying-coil I, having a great number of minute perforations i2,through which water supplied to the coil from any suitable pump orsource of pressure will be discharged in fine streams and in alldirections, so as to maintain the upper portion of the tank completelyfilled, as it were, with a fine spray through which the current of airmust pass. This spraying of the air serves to wash out of it practicallyall of the soot and dust which may be contained therein, and as acertain amount of the spraywater will be absorbed by the passing currentof air the latter will have its temperature considerably lowered, owingto the wellknown cooling effect of evaporation. To a certain extent thispurifier will also act asa cooler and will furnish the air to the coolerproper, G, at a temperature much lower than the outside air, so that aconsiderable saving in theamount of cooling mixtures required tobe'circulated through the cooler G will thus be effected. The remainderof the spray-water will gather in the bottom of the tank and be drawn 0Ethrough any suitable valve-controlled outlet pipe is, which may beconnected with a boiler or feed-pump, so that no waste of water willresult from its being thus used for purifying the air. It will also benoted in this connection that the air-outlet Z is located in the top ofthe cooler-tank and that the pipe leading therefrom to the fan H extendsvertically upward for a considerable distance before turning downwardlyto meet the fan. This construction affords opportunity for any excess ofwater which may be carried up with the air-current to drop back into thetank, and thus prevents an undue amount of moisture from beingdischarged into the rooms.

The operation of my improved system as a whole will now be readily.understood. Fresh air from outside the building will be drawn in by thefan H and having passed through the cooler and purifier will bedischarged into each room of the building at a point near its ceilingand in volumes which may be varied according to the weather to maintainthe temperature as low as desired and fulfil the requirements of goodventilation, the impure and more or less heated air which has previouslyentered the room being simultaneously drawn o through the register nearits floor by the action of the fan M. As hereinbefore suggested, thissystem is capable of extension to buildings of any size and height, andits various conduits may be carried up through the walls and partitionsof the building, or, if necessary, may be provided in the form of pipesseparate from the walls, in which case, however, they will preferably belocated closely adjacent to the walls in order that they may take up aslittle room as possible. The necessary character and construction of thepiping and conduits and' the nature of the material employed, therefore,are not of the essence of the invention and may be varied as desired tosuit the requirementsofeachparticular situation. Any suitable styles andvarieties of registers or refrigerators may also be used, and the volumeof air supplied may be arranged to be controlled either by the closingor opening the registers of each compartment or by con trolling themachinery to vary the workings of the apparatus as a whole.

It will be understood that various changes may be made in the details ofthe construction shown without departure from the broad spirit of theinvention claimed.

I claim as my inventionl. In a Ventilating system, the combination of aseries of ducts leading to the various rooms of a structure, a blowerfor forcing air through said ducts, and a purifying and cool ingapparatus consisting of a vessel having the air-inlet at one end and theair-outlet at the opposite end, and a water-coil supported with its axisin` the path of the air-current, so that the air will pass through thespace inclosed by the coil on its Way through the apparatus, said coilbeing provided with numerous fine perforations, for the purposes setforth. l

2. In a Ventilating system for buildings, the combination of a series offresh-air ducts leading to the various rooms, a cooler connectedforations throughout its length, and means for exhausting the vtiatedair from the various rooms of the building, for the purposes set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as myinvention I affix mysignature, in presence of two subscribing witnesses,this 31st day ofAugust, A. D. 1901.

J. E. LAWRENCE;

Witnesses:

HENRY W. CARTER, L. J. LAWRENCE.

